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What is Gum Disease?

What is Gum Disease?


Gum disease (also called periodontal disease) is an infection of the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. It is a major cause of tooth loss in adults. Because gum disease is usually painless however, you may not know you have it.

Gum disease is caused by plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that constantly forms on the teeth. These bacteria create toxins that can damage the gums. In the early stage of gum disease, called gingivitis, the gums can become red, swollen and bleed easily. At this stage, the disease is still reversible and can usually be eliminated by daily brushing and flossing.
 

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Healthy Gums
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Extensive Gingivitis

In the more advanced stages of gum disease, called periodontitis, the gums and bone that support the teeth can become seriously damaged. The gums recede and loose their shape, making it even harder to clean the teeth. Gum disease can then proceed rapidly to loosen the teeth. They may eventually fall out or have to be removed by a dentist.

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